SUITABILITY INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY FOR AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION IN EKOSODIN COMMUNITY OF OVIA-NORTH EAST LGA, BENIN CITY, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v44i1.18Keywords:
Physicochemical Properties, Crop Sustainability, Permitted Thresholds, Upstream, Crop Yield, Soil Fertility, Micronutrients, Ratio, Quality, Samples, EkosodinAbstract
Crop sustainability and production depend on the attributes of the irrigating water. Ensuring that appropriate attributes and amounts of available water are used for irrigation is necessary to maximise crop yields. Consequently, the Ikpoba River, which flows through the Ekosodin community in the Ovia-North East LGA of Benin City, was assessed for suitability for irrigation in this investigation. A physicochemical analysis was conducted on samples of water obtained from three distinct places along the river, namely A-upstream, B-midstream, and C-downstream. With some results of the physicochemical test, irrigating water quality indicators, including the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), permeability index (PI), potential salinity (PS), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), kelly ratio (KR), percentage sodium (%Na), as well as the irrigating water quality index (IWQI), were all assessed for those samples of water. Regarding all physicochemical analysis findings, every sample of surface water met the FAO permitted thresholds regarding irrigation water, except for a few heavy metals such as Mn2+, Cu2+, Cr2+, and Cd2+ that were slightly over the allowable values. These heavy metals are less of a concern in water used for irrigation since they are essential plant micronutrients and are unlikely to directly harm plants. SAR, %Na, PI, PS, and KR, the irrigating water quality indicators, indicated that every river water sample tested was okay for irrigating but not for IWQI, which restricted irrigation water use to high-tolerance crops. For all water samples, the indices are A = 0.04, B = 0.05, and then C = 0.06; A = 21.31%, B = 22.01%, and then C = 21.84%; A = 3148.15%, B = 2384.29%, with C = 1928.58%; A = 2.60 meq/L, B = 1.04 meq/L, as well as C = 1.11 meq/L; A = 0.19, B = 0.20, while C = 0.20 for the SAR, %Na, PI, PS, and KR indices, respectively. As such, surface water within the research region is appropriate for irrigation.
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